古代的粮食作物有五谷、六谷及百谷。这些农作物是农民最早从野生植物驯化而来的。五谷为稷、黍、麦、菽、麻,而六谷是五谷外又多了一种稻,因为稻是南方作物,以后才传到北方来的。百谷则是多种谷物的统称。稷为小米,古人以稷为谷神,又与社神也就是土神,两者合为社稷,以此为国家的代称。黍也就是现代北方所见的黄米,《诗经》中常见的黍稷连称,可见它在上古时期为较高级的粮食,《论语·微子》曰:“止子路宿,杀鸡为黍而食之,见其二子,”也就是说,子路的丈人杀鸡作黍饭以招待子路。麦,则有大麦与小麦之分。菽便是豆,上古时称菽,汉朝以后称豆。麻也就是大麻,其籽可食,古代亦列为五谷之一。后世还有吃麻粥的。但以后主要利用其纤维纺布。稻,也是野生稻经过人工栽 Ancient grain crops are grains, six Valley and 100 Valley. These crops are the earliest farmers to domesticate from wild plants. The grains are millet, millet, wheat, razor clam, and hemp, while the six-grain is another type of rice outside the grain because the rice is the southern crop and later spread to the north. 100 Valley is the general term for a variety of cereals. Millet millet, the ancients to millet Valley Celestial God, God and God is also the Earth God, the two together into a boat, as the country’s behalf. Millet is also seen in the north of the modern yellow rice, “The Book of Songs” common millet even said that it is in the ancient times as a higher level of food, “Analects of Confucius” said: Millet and food, see its second son, "In other words, Zixuan’s wife kill chickens for millet meal to treat Ziru. Wheat, there are barley and wheat points.菽 is beans, ancient times 菽, said after the Han Dynasty beans. Hemp is also marijuana, its seeds edible, ancient as one of the grains. Later still eat porridge. But after the main use of its fiber fabric. Rice, also wild rice after artificial planted