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西部草原是中国西部地区居民的主要生活生产资料来源。多年来,受超载过牧、滥垦、滥挖、人口增长等因素的影响,草场大面积沙化和毒草化,使西部地区的自然生态环境遭受严重破坏,制约了西部地区畜牧业生产的可持续发展。毒草的迅速蔓延是造成草地生态失衡的重要生态学问题之一,是草地退化的一个重要指标。笔者在对文献资料分析、归纳的基础上,就中国西部草地近几十年的毒草灾害状况,毒草种类与分布,毒草综合防治及合理利用做以综述。
The western prairie is the main source of production for the inhabitants of western China. Over the years, due to factors such as overgrazing, indiscriminate cultivation, indiscriminate digging, population growth and other factors, the large-scale desertification and poisoning of grasslands have seriously damaged the natural ecological environment in the western region and restricted the sustainable development of livestock husbandry in the western region development of. The rapid spread of poisonous weeds is one of the important ecological problems that cause grassland ecological imbalance and is an important indicator of grassland degradation. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the literature data, the author summarizes the pasture poisoning situation, the type and distribution of poisonous weeds, the comprehensive prevention and treatment of poisonous weeds and their rational utilization in the grasslands of western China in recent decades.