原型理论也被称为原型范畴理论,它是作为经典范畴理论的对立面而被提出的,而后者又往往被等同于亚里士多德的范畴论,但事实并非如此,这其实是对亚里士多德的一种误读。这种误读在很大程度上来自于著名的认知语言学家John R.Taylor在其Linguistic Categorization:Prototypes in Linguistic Theory一书中对亚里士多德范畴观的引证。在此书中他把亚里士多德的范畴观归纳为四个要点,并称之为经典范畴理论,然后才借此阐明了与之相对立的原型范畴理论。但Taylor的引证其实是对亚里士多德范畴论的误读,亚里士多德范畴论并不能简单等同于所谓的经典范畴理论,相反,亚里士多德早已经认识到了范畴模糊现象和范畴典型现象的普遍存在,并做出了足够清晰的理论性描述。因此,可以说亚里士多德的范畴论是在一定程度上显示了对现代原型范畴理论的包容性。 Prototype theory, also known as Prototype theory, is proposed as the antithesis of classical category theory, which is often equated with Aristotelian category theory, but this is not the case, in fact, A misreading of Stoddard. Much of this misreading comes from citing John R. Taylor, a famous cognitive linguist, in his Linguistic Categorization: Prototypes in Linguistic Theory citation of Aristotelian categories. In this book, he summarized the category view of Aristotle into four points, and called it the classic category theory, before he elucidated the contradictory prototype category theory. However, Taylor’s quotation is actually a misreading of Aristotle’s categorical theory. Aristotle’s theory of categorization can not be simply equated with the so-called classical theory of category. On the contrary, Aristotle has long recognized the category ambiguity And the typical phenomenon of the category of universal existence, and made a clear enough theoretical description. Therefore, it can be said that Aristotle’s theory of categorization shows to some extent the inclusiveness of the theory of modern archetypes.