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目的:分析迪庆州2015年5岁以下儿童死亡监测情况,有目的性地制定儿童防护保健的措施。方法:将2015年1月1日~2015年12月31日之间迪庆州0~5岁的儿童作为观察对象,分析具体的死亡报告卡片,对死亡率改变趋势及死亡诱因分布进行总结。结果:迪庆州在2015年之间活产数达3838例,其中男童:1996人;女童:1842人。5岁以下儿童死亡140例,死亡率36.5‰,其中新生儿死亡53例,死亡率13.81‰;0-1岁婴儿死亡69例,死亡率17.98‰P<0.05;死亡具体因素主要为出生时出现生理缺陷、出生低体重或早产、出生呼吸困难(分别占22.00%、28.00%、25.00%)。结论:地区政府应着重对于孕产期的家属和产妇进行健康教育的宣传活动,积极降低环境污染、孕产期的宫内感染等导致发育不良的因素对新生儿的影响,对各个年龄段的患者的发病原因进行总结,建立相应的临床治疗应急措施,加大预防干预的措施,提高服务质量和水平,缓解5岁以下儿童的死亡情况,使死亡率得到有效地控制。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the death monitoring of children under 5 in Diqing Prefecture in 2015 and to make targeted measures for child protection health care. Methods: Children from 0 to 5 years old in Diqing Prefecture from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 were selected as the observation objects. Specific death report cards were analyzed and the trend of death rate and the distribution of death inducement were summarized. Results: There were 3838 live births in Diqing Prefecture between 2015, of which boys were 1996, and 1842 were girls. 140 cases of children under 5 years of age died, the mortality rate was 36.5 ‰, of which 53 were neonatal deaths, the mortality rate was 13.81 ‰; 0-1-year-old infant mortality in 69 cases, the mortality rate of 17.98 ‰ P <0.05; specific factors of death mainly occur at birth Physiological defects, low birth weight or premature delivery, birth breathing difficulties (respectively 22.00%, 28.00%, 25.00%). Conclusion: The regional government should focus on the propaganda activities of health education for pregnant women and their families, and actively reduce the impact of environmental factors such as environmental pollution and intrauterine infection during pregnancy on newborns. Summarize the causes of the patients, establish corresponding clinical treatment emergency measures, increase preventive intervention measures, improve service quality and level, ease the death of children under 5 years of age, and make the mortality rate effectively controlled.