组织及领导活动的优化包括三个方面:优化工具理性以求真,优化价值理性以求善,优化审美性以求美。领导方法针对前两者,领导艺术针对后者。缺乏领导艺术的领导活动是不完美的,有效性不强,难以较好地解决问题、优化组织。因此,领导学有责任加强对领导艺术的研究。一、领导艺术界定领导艺术与领导方法同属领导手段,它们为解决问题而存在,问题由事物产生。事物具有属性和形态,某些属性不合理或某些形态不谐美就产生了问题。领导方法 The optimization of organization and leadership activities includes three aspects: optimizing the rational of tools to be truth-seeking, optimizing the value-rationality in order to make good, and optimizing the aesthetic to seek beauty. Leadership approach to the former two, the leading art for the latter. The lack of leading art leadership activities is not perfect, the effectiveness is not strong, it is difficult to better solve the problem, optimize the organization. Therefore, it is the responsibility of leadership to strengthen the study of leadership art. First, the leading art defines the leadership art and leadership methods belong to the leading means, they exist to solve the problem, the problem arises from things. Things have attributes and forms, some of them are irrational or some form is not harmonious, which creates problems. Leadership approach