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目的诱导穿心莲的同源四倍体,为穿心莲的种质创新研究奠定基础。方法以穿心莲的种子和刚萌发的成熟胚为诱导材料,采用秋水仙碱为诱导剂进行诱导处理,通过观察叶片形态特征和气孔特征的进行初步筛选,并以流式细胞仪法进行无菌苗倍性水平的鉴定。结果以种子为实验材料诱导得到的变异无菌苗均为嵌合体,以刚萌发的成熟胚为实验材料获得了4株穿心莲的同源四倍体无菌苗,其中以0.075%的秋水仙碱诱导24 h效果最佳,其四倍体诱导率为3.3%。穿心莲的同源四倍体无菌苗与二倍体无菌苗相比,在形态特征上、叶下表皮气孔特征上均存在显著性差异。结论建立了穿心莲同源四倍体的诱导与鉴定方案,初步为后期穿心莲的多倍体培育和种质创新研究奠定了基础。
Objective To induce autotetraploid of Andrographis paniculata and lay a foundation for the research of the germplasm innovation of Andrographis paniculata. Methods The seeds of Andrographis paniculata and the newly germinated mature embryos were used as inducing materials, and colchicine was used as the inducer to induce the seedlings. The morphological and stomatal characteristics of the leaves were primarily screened, and the aseptic seedlings were obtained by flow cytometry Ploidy level identification. Results Aseptic seedlings induced by the seeds were all chimeras. Four fresh sterile plants of Andrographis paniculata were obtained from the newly germinated mature embryos, and 0.075% colchicine The induction of 24 h was the best, the tetraploid induction rate was 3.3%. Compared with the diploid sterile seedlings of autotetraploid seedlings of Andrographis, there are significant differences in morphological characteristics and stomatal characteristics of the leaf epidermis. Conclusion The induction and identification of the atypical tetraploid of Andrographis paniculata was established, which laid the foundation for the polyploid breeding and germplasm innovation of Andrographis paniculata.