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为了筛选提高水稻后期耐低温能力的调节物质,以淮稻5号为试验材料,在低温胁迫条件下研究壳聚糖、水杨酸、脱落酸、聚乙二醇等物质对水稻耐低温能力的影响。试验结果表明:低温胁迫使水稻倒二叶的叶绿素含量和SOD、POD酶活性下降,脯氨酸、MDA含量增加,且随着低温胁迫时间的延长,水稻倒二叶中活性物质含量或活性受影响程度越大;喷施壳聚糖、水杨酸、脱落酸和聚乙二醇均能提高低温胁迫下水稻倒二叶中叶绿素含量和SOD、POD酶活性,降低脯氨酸、MDA含量,提高水稻结实率和千粒质量,且随着低温胁迫时间的延长,水杨酸、聚乙二醇处理提高水稻倒二叶中酶活性和水稻结实率、千粒质量的效果更好。说明,在低温胁迫下可以通过提前喷施水杨酸、聚乙二醇等调节物质来增加水稻体内耐低温能力的活性物质的含量或活性,提高水稻的耐低温能力,减轻低温胁迫对水稻叶片的伤害,降低低温胁迫对水稻产量的影响。
In order to screen the regulatory substances that can enhance the tolerance to low temperature in the late rice, Huai 5 was used as the experimental material to study the effects of chitosan, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and polyethylene glycol on the low temperature tolerance of rice under low temperature stress influences. The results showed that under low temperature stress, the activities of SOD, POD and the content of proline and MDA in the second leaf of rice increased, and the content of active substances in the second leaf of rice increased with the time of low temperature stress Spraying chitosan, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and polyethylene glycol all increased chlorophyll content, SOD, POD activity and reduced proline and MDA content in the second leaf of rice under low temperature stress, Improve the seed setting rate and 1000-grain quality. With the prolonging of chilling time, salicylic acid and polyethylene glycol could improve the enzyme activity and rice seed setting rate and grain yield of 1000-grain in rice. This indicated that under the low temperature stress, the content and activity of low temperature tolerant active substances in rice could be increased by spraying the regulators such as salicylic acid and polyethylene glycol in advance to increase the low temperature tolerance of rice and alleviate the effects of low temperature stress on rice leaves Reduce the impact of low temperature stress on rice yield.