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借助微观数据,我们第一次评估了企业生产活动与当地比较优势保持一致时的收益。使用中国海关在2000~2006年企业层次的数据,我们对企业出口实绩以及产品与当地比较优势之间的链接方式的关系进行了研究。我们的关键指标对产品和当地产品空间的联系密度进行了衡量。因此,我们将产品内在联系方面的信息与当地专业化格局的信息进行了整合。结果表明,与企业所在地当前生产产品具有密切链接的商品的出口额增长更快。产品之间的链接密度可以产生一种推动出口的溢出效应。然而,我们证实,产品链接性对于出口实绩的积极效应主要集中在普通的贸易活动和国内企业之上。对于生产力较强的企业,这种积极效应表现得就更为强烈,这说明了吸收力的缺乏也会阻碍溢出效应的扩散。
With micro-data, we first assessed the benefits of a firm’s manufacturing activities aligned with its local comparative advantage. Using the data of China Customs at the enterprise level from 2000 to 2006, we studied the relationship between export performance of enterprises and the linkages between products and local comparative advantages. Our key metrics measure the contact density of products and local product space. As a result, we have integrated the information on the product’s internal ties with the information on the local specialization. The results show that the exports of goods that are closely linked with the current manufactured products at the location of the enterprises have seen a faster growth. The link density between products can create a spillover effect that promotes exports. However, we confirm that the positive effect of product linkages on export performance is mainly focused on ordinary trade activities and domestic enterprises. This positive effect is even more pronounced for more productive firms, which shows that a lack of absorptive capacity can also hinder the proliferation of spillover effects.