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目的了解某机械制造企业女性工人(以下简称“女工”)甲状腺超声异常情况。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,以某机械制造企业289名一线生产女工为研究组,以该企业周边388名女性为对照组。对2组人群进行甲状腺B型超声检查和尿碘水平检测。结果研究组人群甲状腺异常检出率高于对照组(43.25%vs 31.19%,P<0.05)。研究组人群中甲状腺囊肿检出率最高(占21.45%),其次分别为结节(占11.76%)和腺瘤(占3.11%)。研究组人群甲状腺异常检出率随年龄的增长而增加(P<0.05)。研究组人群尿碘水平低于对照组(中位数:221 vs322μg/L,P<0.01);随着尿碘水平的增高,研究组人群甲状腺异常检出率增加(P<0.05)。结论机械制造企业女工甲状腺异常检出率较高,尿碘水平大于需求量,年龄及尿碘水平对甲状腺检出异常有一定的影响。
Objective To understand the abnormality of thyroid ultrasound in female workers of a machinery manufacturing enterprise (hereinafter referred to as “female worker”). Methods The cluster random sampling method was used in this study. A group of 289 front-line female workers in a machinery manufacturing enterprise was taken as the research group and 388 women in the surrounding area as the control group. Thyroid B ultrasound and urine iodine levels were detected in 2 groups. Results The detection rate of thyroid abnormalities in study group was higher than that in control group (43.25% vs 31.19%, P <0.05). The highest detection rate of thyroid cysts was in the study group (21.45%), followed by nodules (11.76%) and adenomas (3.11%), respectively. The detection rate of thyroid abnormalities in study group increased with age (P <0.05). The urinary iodine level was lower in the study group than in the control group (median: 221 vs322 μg / L, P <0.01). With the increase of urinary iodine level, the detection rate of thyroid abnormality in study group increased (P <0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid abnormality among female workers in machinery manufacturing enterprises is higher, the level of urinary iodine is higher than the demand, and the age and the level of urinary iodine have a certain influence on the detection of thyroid abnormality.