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分析农田能量平衡特征及其影响因素对提高红壤地区农业生产和水热资源利用率有重要意义。利用低丘红壤试验区的大孔径闪烁仪、波文比仪和自动气象站观测数据,分析了低丘红壤区集水区和田块尺度农田能量平衡特征及其水热通量与气象要素的相关关系。结果表明:受天气条件影响,两种尺度农田能量平衡分量的日变化呈单峰型趋势,农田潜热通量数值最大,感热通量和土壤热通量数值较小;两种尺度农田能量平衡分量的月变化趋势一致,集水区尺度感热通量小于田块尺度,集水区尺度潜热通量大于田块尺度;相关分析表明,净辐射、气温、相对湿度、大气压、平均风速是两种尺度农田水热通量的主控因子,但水汽压和降水量在两种尺度农田对水热通量有不一致的影响。
It is of great significance to analyze the characteristics of farmland energy balance and its influencing factors to improve the agricultural production and utilization of water and heat resources in red soil area. Using the data of large-aperture scintillometer, wave-text ratio and automatic weather station in the hilly red soil test area, the energy balance characteristics and the hydrothermal flux of farmland on catchment and field scale in the hilly red soil area were analyzed. relationship. The results showed that the diurnal variation of energy balance components of farmland in two scales showed a single peak trend under the influence of the weather conditions, with the largest latent heat flux of farmland and the sensible heat flux and soil heat flux. The monthly variation trend of component is consistent, the catchment heat flux is smaller than that of plots and the latent heat flux of catchment is larger than that of plots. The correlation analysis shows that the net radiation, temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and average wind speed are two The main controlling factor of farmland water and heat fluxes is the scale, but the vapor pressure and precipitation have inconsistent effects on water heat fluxes at two scales.