当今土壤重金属污染日趋严重而表征土壤污染程度的指标不够完善、相关性亦较差。为此 ,采用网室盆栽试验 ,研究了河北平原主要土壤类型潮土和潮褐土上 Cd、Pb的化学形态特征及其与油菜植株干物重、油菜吸收重金属含量的关系。结果表明 Cd对油菜的毒害作用大于 Pb。总量及各形态 Cd、Pb含量与油菜可食部分干物重呈负相关 ,对油菜干物重影响最大的是交换态 Cd、Pb。而对油菜吸收 Cd、Pb贡献最大的形态是碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态。深入研究重金属形态与植物有效性间的关系 ,可为进一步揭示重金属的生物有效性 ,为更准确评价土壤重金属污染程度提供理论依据 ,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值 Today’s soil heavy metal pollution is becoming more serious and the indicators of soil pollution is not perfect, less relevant. Therefore, the pot experiment was conducted to study the chemical morphological characteristics of Cd and Pb in the soils and moist cinnamon soils in the Hebei Plain and its relationship with the dry weight of rapeseed and the content of heavy metals absorbed by rape. The results showed that the toxicity of Cd to rapeseed was greater than that of Pb. The contents of Cd, Pb and total Cd, Pb contents were negatively correlated with the dry weight of edible part of rapeseed. The most influential factors on dry weight of rape were exchangeable Cd and Pb. However, the most abundant forms of Cd and Pb absorbed on rape were carbonate-bound and Fe-Mn-bound. Further studies on the relationship between the forms of heavy metals and plant effectiveness may provide theoretical basis for further revealing the bioavailability of heavy metals and for more accurate assessment of the degree of soil heavy metal pollution and have important theoretical significance and practical application value