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一、引言对于非晶态金属的研究最初是集中在它的结构和物理性能上。关于非晶态金属的力学性能的研究是在1970年,当用离心铸造法成功地制造了尺寸均匀的带状试样以后,对Pd80 Si20合金的力学性能和变形、断裂过程进行了研究。相继,由Chen等又发表了用轧辊淬火法制造的同系合金的力学性能的研究。以后,作为非晶态金属的一个重要性能——力学性能引起了人们的注意,特别是数年来的进展是相当惊人的。非晶态金属从其结构上来说,原子排列是混乱的(同晶态金属相比),更确切地说,原子排列不具有长程序,只在局部区域保持短程序。因此,非晶态金属的结构没有各向异性,没有特定的滑移面,更没有在晶态金属中见到的晶界、孪晶、堆垛层错等局部不均匀组织。为此,非晶态金属的力学性能同晶态金属是颇不相同的。下面,我们仅就在文献中见到的有关非晶态金属的力学性能方面的问题作一简要概括。
I. INTRODUCTION The study of amorphous metals initially focused on its structural and physical properties. The mechanical properties of amorphous metals were investigated in 1970, and the mechanical properties, deformation and fracture processes of Pd80Si20 alloy were studied after the uniform strip samples were successfully produced by centrifugal casting. In succession, Chen et al. Have also published a study on the mechanical properties of homomorphic alloys made by the roll quenching process. Since then, as an important property of amorphous metals - mechanical properties have drawn people’s attention, especially the progress over the years is quite amazing. Amorphous metals are structurally disorganized (as compared to crystalline metals). More precisely, atomic arrangements do not have long sequences and only short regions are localized. Therefore, amorphous metal structure is not anisotropic, there is no specific slip plane, but also in the crystalline metal to see the grain boundaries, twins, stacking faults and other local non-uniform organization. For this reason, the mechanical properties of amorphous metal is quite different from the crystalline metal. In the following, we briefly summarize only the problems with the mechanical properties of amorphous metals found in the literature.