目的了解嘉定区外来务工子女学校学习环境和卫生知识行为,为制定相应的防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取嘉定区5所外来务工子女学校3-5年级共1526名学生进行问卷调查。结果外来务工子女学校学生的父母文化程度相对较低,学生日常卫生习惯和不健康饮食的发生率较高,93.57%的学生有唾液沾手看书习惯,38.36%学生不能做到饭前便后洗手,49.77%学生偶尔或经常有挑食习惯,38.69%学生偶尔或经常有不吃早餐的习惯,且男女生差异无统计学意义。男生在吸烟、打架和不遵守交通规则上行为发生率远高于女生,这可能与男生生性好动等性格有关。结论学校和社会要共同关注外来务工子女学校学生健康知识行为,加强健康教育宣传,引导学生树立良好的健康观念,全面促进学生的健康。 Objective To understand the learning environment and hygiene knowledge of migrant children schools in Jiading District and provide scientific evidence for the development of appropriate prevention and treatment measures. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to collect 1526 students in Grade 3-5 from 5 migrant children’s schools in Jiading District for questionnaire survey. Results There was a relatively low educational level of parents of migrant children school students, and the incidence of daily hygiene habits and unhealthy eating habits was high. 93.57% of students had saliva reading habits, 38.36% of students could not wash their hands before and after meals, 49.77 % Of students occasionally or frequently have picky habits, 38.69% of students occasionally or often have no habit of eating breakfast, and no significant difference between boys and girls. The incidence of boys smoking, fights and non-compliance with traffic rules is far higher than that of girls, which may be related to boys’ motility and other characteristics. Conclusion Schools and the society should pay attention to the students ’health knowledge behavior of migrant children schools, strengthen health education and publicity, guide students to establish good health concepts and promote students’ overall health.