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目的研究颈动脉超声筛查缺血性脑卒中高危人群动脉粥样硬化及斑块的重要临床意义。方法选择经CT或核磁共振成像(MRI)证实的90例缺血性脑血管病患者为观察组,另选取100例同期正常健康体检志愿者为对照组,均进行颈动脉检查测量内中膜厚度(IMT)、有无斑块及斑块大小、部位,分析斑块的性质。结果观察组患者颈动脉IMT明显高于对照组,且不稳定性斑块检出率高于对照组,观察组单发及多发斑块检出率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组稳定性斑检出情况及斑块分布位置比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论颈动脉超声操作便利,对早期发现和预防缺血性脑血管病有重要临床意义,并可动态观察缺血性脑血管病患者斑块的变化,有助于了解疾病的不同状态。
Objective To study the important clinical significance of carotid ultrasound in the screening of atherosclerosis and plaque in high-risk ischemic stroke patients. Methods Ninety patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease confirmed by CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were selected as the observation group. Another 100 normal volunteers were selected as the control group. Carotid artery examination was performed to measure the intima-media thickness (IMT), with or without plaque and plaque size, location, analysis of the nature of the plaque. Results The carotid IMT in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the detection rate of unstable plaque was higher than that in control group. The detection rate of single and multiple plaques in observation group was higher than that in control group P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the detection of stable plaque and the distribution of plaque (P> 0.05). Conclusions The carotid artery is easy to operate and has important clinical significance for the early detection and prevention of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. It can also dynamically observe the changes of plaque in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and help to understand the different states of the disease.