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初中物理教学以观察、实验为基础。观察和实验,对培养学生的观察和实验能力,实事求是的科学态度,激发学习兴趣,提高教学质量有重要作用。物理教学大纲指出“大纲中规定的演示和学生实验都应该力求做好”。 现就初三物理几个演示实验作改进和补充说明。 1.关于玻璃变成导体实验的改进 《九年义务教育三年制初级中学教科书物理第二册》第五十页第四节“导体和绝缘体”图4-12:常温下玻璃是绝缘体,给玻璃加热到红炽状态,玻璃变成导体,小灯泡发光这一实验,照课本中做,如果用电池组做电源,即使将玻璃(用废灯泡中的玻璃芯和灯丝引线)加热到红炽状态,小灯泡也不发光。现将这一实验
Junior high school physics teaching is based on observation and experiments. Observations and experiments play an important role in cultivating students’ observation and experimental abilities, seeking a realistic and scientific attitude, stimulating interest in learning, and improving teaching quality. The syllabus of physics pointed out that “the demonstrations and student experiments stipulated in the syllabus should strive to do a good job”. Now we will improve and supplement some of the demonstration experiments in the third physics. 1. Improvements in glass-to-conductor experiments. “Physical Volume 2 of the 9-year Compulsory Education 3-year Secondary Middle School Textbook”. Section IV “Conductors and Insulators” Figure 4-12: Glass at room temperature is an insulator. The glass is heated to a red-fiery state, the glass becomes a conductor, and the light bulb emits light. This experiment is done according to the textbook. If the battery pack is used as the power source, even the glass (using the glass core and the filament lead in the waste bulb) is heated to the red State, small light bulbs do not shine. Now this experiment