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目的双生子法探索遗传与环境对儿童青少年智力发育的影响。方法以学籍登记为线索在重庆市募集6~18岁共同生活的双生子190对,采集颊黏膜、血液标本提取DNA,进行卵型鉴定。采用中国修订版-韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)评定双生子的智力特点,用组内相关系数法计算各智力指标的遗传度。结果 6~18岁儿童总智商遗传度为0.63,其中言语智商为0.44,操作智商为0.57;10~14岁和15~18岁儿童总智商遗传度(0.78、0.79)较6~9岁儿童总智商遗传度(0.018)大。结论 6~18岁儿童智力受遗传与环境的共同作用,随着年龄的增长智力发育受遗传的影响越来越大。
The purpose of twins method to explore genetic and environmental impact on children’s intellectual development. Methods Taking the enrollment of students as a clue, 190 pairs of twins who lived together in Chongqing from 6 to 18 years old were enrolled in this study. Buccal mucosa and blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and egg identification. The revised version of Chinese - Webster Children’s Intelligence Scale (C-WISC) was used to assess the intelligence characteristics of twins. The intraclass correlation coefficient method was used to calculate the heritability of each intelligence index. Results The total IQ of children aged 6-18 years was 0.63, in which the speech IQ was 0.44 and the IQ was 0.57. The total IQ of children aged 10-14 and 15-18 years (0.78, 0.79) was significantly higher than that of children aged 6-9 IQ of genetic (0.018) large. Conclusion The intelligence of children aged 6-18 years is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. With age, the development of intelligence is more and more influenced by the inheritance.