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目的研究短期集中强化教育及强化随访对2型糖尿病患者自我管理效果的影响。方法选取2013年1月—2015年1月在上海市浦东新区金桥社区卫生服务中心就诊的200例2型糖尿病患者。按就诊时间顺序将2013年1月—2014年1月就诊的患者设为对照组,2014年2月—2015年1月就诊的患者设为观察组,各100例。对照组给予糖尿病传统健康教育,观察组给予短期集中强化教育和强化随访,均干预6个月。检测两组患者干预前后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2h PG)和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)水平,对干预前后进行Deborah糖尿病自我管理量表调查。结果干预后两组患者FPG、2h PG和Hb A1c水平均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后观察组FPG、2h PG和Hb A1c水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后两组患者自我管理总分,运动依从性、饮食控制、监测依从性、药物依从性和足部护理得分均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后观察组自我管理总分和各维度得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论短期集中强化教育及强化随访能够提高2型糖尿病患者血糖控制效果,提高自我管理水平,且效果优于糖尿病传统健康教育方式。
Objective To investigate the effect of short-term intensive education and intensive follow-up on self-management of type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS: From January 2013 to January 2015, 200 type 2 diabetic patients were treated in Jinqiao Community Health Service Center, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. Patients in January 2013-January 2014 were selected as the control group according to the time sequence of their visits. The patients from February 2014 to January 2015 were selected as the observation group and each group of 100 patients. The control group was given traditional health education of diabetes. The observation group was given intensive intensive education and intensive follow-up for 6 months. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial glucose (2h PG) and Hb A1c in both groups were measured before and after intervention. The Deborah diabetes self-management scale was investigated before and after intervention. Results The levels of FPG, 2h PG and Hb A1c in the two groups after intervention were lower than those before intervention (P <0.05). The levels of FPG, 2h PG and Hb A1c in observation group were lower than those in control group after intervention There was statistical significance (P <0.05). After intervention, scores of self-management, exercise compliance, diet control, monitoring compliance, drug compliance and foot care scores in both groups were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.05). After intervention, the observation group The scores of self-management score and all dimensions were higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Short-term intensive education and intensive follow-up can improve blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and improve self-management level, and the effect is better than that of traditional diabetes health education.