福柯在其成名作《疯癫与文明》中系统的分析了人类历史中疯癫和理性的形成过程,全面考察了在文艺复兴、古典时期以及现代社会中疯癫于社会文明的意义。福柯指出疯癫作为一种非理性力量,始终受到理性的镇压和排斥。他不仅肯定了疯癫的意义,更是指出疯癫与文明并非全然断裂,否定了“理性/疯癫”这一二元对立结构。 Foucault systematically analyzed the process of the formation of madness and reason in human history in his masterpiece “Madness and Civilization” and comprehensively examined the significance of madness in social civilization in the Renaissance, the classical period and in the modern society. Foucault pointed out that madness, as an irrational force, has always been repressed and rejected by reason. He not only affirmed the meaning of madness, but also pointed out that madness and civilization are not completely broken, and denied the dual structure of “rational / madness”.