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胰腺癌恶性程度高、手术切除率低、缺乏有效的治疗药物，预后极差。合成致死策略在肿瘤治疗中具有较好前景，有助于根据不同胰腺癌患者的遗传突变背景制定个体化治疗方案，符合肿瘤精准治疗的理念。合成致死策略也是靶向药物研发的方向之一。随着高效低毒的个体化抗肿瘤治疗模式的建立，基于合成致死策略的靶向治疗有望改善胰腺癌系统治疗的现状。本文述评合成致死效应在胰腺癌治疗领域中的应用现状及研究进展。“,”Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by the poor prognosis, which is attributed to high degree of malignancy, low resection rate and lacking effective drugs. Synthetic lethality interactions (SLIs) strategy has presented a promising application for cancer treatment. SLIs promote the development of individualized therapy for PDAC according to patients′ genetic background, in consistent with precision medicine concept. SLIs are one of targeted drugs research directions. With the establishment of individualized cancer therapy model with the high-effect and low-toxicity, SLIs-based targeted therapy is expected to improve comprehensive treatments in PDAC. In this article, we reviewed the prospect of clinical applications and basic researches based on synthetic lethality interactions in PDAC.