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本文报告２例肾错构瘤自发破裂大出血、休克，急诊手术切除患肾而达到控制出血的目的。对于肾错构瘤，临床上术前可以明确诊断，治疗采用尽可能多地保留正常肾实质的手术方式。由于肾错构瘤容易出现威胁生命的自发破裂大出血，所以预防这一并发症并采取最恰当的治疗措施，最大限度地保留患肾成为临床难点之一。我们认为对直径小于４ｃｍ的肾错构瘤，临床症状轻者，应定期随访；对肿瘤直径大于４ｃｍ，症状明显者，因有高度自发破裂的危险，应及时行选择性动脉造影及栓塞术，或者行肿瘤剜除术、肾部分切除术。
This article reports 2 cases of renal hamartoma spontaneous rupture of hemorrhage, shock, emergency surgery to remove the kidney and achieve the purpose of controlling bleeding. For renal hamartoma, the clinic can be a clear diagnosis before surgery, the treatment used as much as possible to retain the normal renal parenchymal surgery. Since renal hamartomas are prone to life-threatening spontaneous rupture and haemorrhage, preventing this complication and taking the most appropriate treatment to minimize the risk of developing kidney disease has become one of the clinical challenges. We believe that for renal diameter less than 4cm of renal hamartoma, clinical symptoms should be followed up on a regular basis; the tumor diameter greater than 4cm, the obvious symptoms, due to the risk of a high degree of spontaneous rupture, prompt line selective angiography and embolization, Or line tumor surgery, partial nephrectomy.