新政权是通过革命取得胜利的,一个新的民族国家在事实上的成立,并不代表就真正地进入了和平时代。历史遗留的各方面的诸多问题,都迫切需要处理。而在这诸多问题中,捍卫国家安全及巩固新生政权又是重中之重。当时新生的中国面临着诸多敌对势力的威胁,内有潜藏的特务、土匪、反动地主及其后代,外有西方资本主义国家的军事威胁和经济封锁。一方面要恢复基础性的物质资料建设,满足全国的生活物资需求,又要应对国内各种潜伏势力的破坏;另一方面,两大阵营的对立是当时世界的主 The new regime achieved victory through the revolution. The fact that a new nation-state was actually established does not mean that it has really entered a time of peace. Many problems left over by history have urgently needed to be dealt with. In many of these issues, it is of utmost importance to defend national security and consolidate the new regime. At that time, the newly born China was faced with the threat of many hostile forces, including hidden secret agents, bandits, reactionary landowners and their descendants, and the military threats and economic blockades of western capitalist countries. On the one hand, it is necessary to resume the construction of basic material information to meet the demand for living materials throughout the country as well as to deal with the destruction of various latent forces in the country. On the other hand, the opposition between the two camps is the main