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目的分析2000～2008年南京儿童医院血液实验室根据骨髓细胞形态学诊断检出的儿童急性白血病的检出率的分布特点。方法回顾性分析2000～2008年的550例儿童急性白血病病案。结果9年间南京儿童医院血液实验室依据骨髓细胞形态学检出的儿童急性白血病550例,其在年龄、性别及白血病类型均有一定的特点。男/女约为1.42/1。儿童急性白血病中急性淋巴细胞性白血病/急性骨髓性白血病约为4.45/1。10岁以上的儿童患急性白血病的比例明显减少。各年度儿童急性白血病的检出率相对稳定,较接近平均水平约为0.3%,近年来儿童白血病的发病绝对数和检出率有小幅上升。结论儿童急性白血病有别于成人的自身特点,儿童急性白血病10岁以上患儿的患病比例偏低,儿童急性白血病中以急性淋巴细胞性白细胞病为常见。近年来儿童急性白血病的发病绝对数有小幅升高。
Objective To analyze the distribution of the detection rate of childhood acute leukemia detected by the blood laboratory of Nanjing Children ’s Hospital from 2000 to 2008 according to the morphological diagnosis of bone marrow cells. Methods A retrospective analysis of 550 cases of childhood acute leukemia from 2000 to 2008. Results In the 9 years, 550 children with acute leukemia were detected in the blood laboratory of Nanjing Children ’s Hospital based on the morphology of bone marrow cells. They had certain characteristics in age, sex and leukemia types. Male / female about 1.42 / 1. Acute leukemia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia / acute myeloid leukemia is about 4.45 / 1.10 years old children with acute leukemia significantly reduced the proportion of cases. The annual detection rate of acute leukemia in children is relatively stable, close to the average level of about 0.3%, in recent years the incidence of childhood leukemia absolute number and the detection rate increased slightly. Conclusion The acute leukemia in children is different from that of adults. The prevalence of acute leukemia in children over 10 years old is low, and acute lymphocytic leucocythemia is common in children with acute leukemia. In recent years, the absolute number of children with acute leukemia increased slightly.