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自从1950年左右存贮程序计算机出现以来,计算机研究人员总是不断地在增加中央处理单元(CPU)的复杂性上下功夫,包括增加更多的指令类型和数目,更多的寻址方式和更多的专用寄存器等,但在计算机的体系结构方面几乎没有什么真正的创新。 从80年代开始盛行的RISC结构计算机,具有精简指令集,大量寄存器,优化编译,最大限度地使用寄存器和对主存的最小频度的访问,优化的指令执行流水线等特点,使CPU的性能大为提高,是计算机体系结构方面的一次飞跃和变革。
Since the advent of stored-program computers around 1950, computer researchers have been constantly working to increase the complexity of the central processing unit (CPU), including adding more types and numbers of instructions, more addressing and more Many dedicated registers, etc., but there is little real innovation in the architecture of the computer. RISC-based computers, which have been popular since the 1980s, have features such as reduced instruction set, a large number of registers, optimized compilation, maximization of registers and minimum frequency of main memory access, optimized instruction execution pipeline and the like, To improve is a leap in computer architecture and change.