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本研究从鲤优质性状选育群体F3代中随机选取96尾个体,并且对所选取的所有个体进行PIT标记。利用12对具有较高多态性的微卫星标记对所选取个体的遗传结构进行分析。结果表明:群体平均等位基因数(A)为6.166 7,有效等位基因数(Ae)为4.158 6,期望杂合度(He)值为0.741 8,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.702 3,显示出该选育群体具有丰富的遗传多样性;通过对12个位点进行哈迪-温伯格平衡检验结果显示其中有8个位点显著或极显著偏离平衡,这可能是人工选择压力的结果;有效群体大小和瓶颈效应分析表明,有效群体大小为82.9,该群体在近期内可能经历了遗传瓶颈。本研究通过对选育群体F3的遗传变异进行分析,初步了解了该种群的遗传结构,为选育群体F3的进一步繁育提供理论支持。
In this study, 96 individuals were randomly selected from the F1 generation of F3 populations of high-quality traits of Cyprinus carpio, and all the individuals selected were PIT-labeled. The genetic structure of the selected individuals was analyzed using 12 pairs of microsatellite markers with higher polymorphism. The results showed that the average allele number (A) was 6.166 7, the effective allele number (Ae) was 4.158 6, the expected heterozygosity (He) value was 0.741 8, and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.702 3 , Showing that the breeding population is rich in genetic diversity. The results of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test on 12 loci showed that there were 8 significant or very significant deviations from equilibrium, which may be due to artificial selection pressure The results of effective population size and bottleneck analysis indicated that the effective population size was 82.9 and the population may have undergone genetic bottlenecks in the near future. In this study, the genetic variation of F3 in breeding population was analyzed to understand the genetic structure of the population initially and to provide theoretical support for the further breeding of F3 in breeding population.