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人类活动对长江洪水有一定影响。与洪水密切相关的人类重要活动有：森林植被的破坏、干支流水库的兴建、围湖垦殖、洲滩开发、民垸建设及沿江泵站排涝等。人类活动对长江洪水影响分别有：科学合理的水库调度，能有效地起到拦洪削峰、错峰作用，但调度不周也会起到负面影响；１９９８年溃垸在短时段、局部河段起到降低江湖水位的作用，但对长江干流洪水影响不大，围垦、淤积等致使江湖调洪能力减少，但淤积引起的下降作用不明显；森林具有涵养水源、调节径流的功能，能起到一定蓄洪、削峰作用，但对于长江这样的大流域，尤其当暴雨量大、上中下游支流多峰形成流域性大洪水时，其作用有限；排涝对江湖洪水位有影响，其作用有一定限度。
Human activities have a certain impact on the Yangtze River flood. Important human activities closely related to the flood are: the destruction of forest vegetation, the construction of dry and tributary reservoirs, the reclamation of the lake, the development of the beach, the construction of embankments, and drainage along the river. Human activities on the impact of the Yangtze River are: scientific and rational reservoir dispatch, can effectively play the role of peak cut off peak cross-peak, peak shifting, but the disproportionate impact will have a negative impact; in 1998, embankment in a short period of time, the local river The segment played the role of lowering the water level of the rivers and lakes but had little effect on the flood of the mainstream of the Yangtze River. The reclamation and siltation caused the flood control ability of the rivers and lakes to be reduced, but the decreasing effect caused by siltation was insignificant. The forest had functions of conserving water and regulating runoff, To a certain flood storage and peak cutting effect. However, for the large river basins such as the Yangtze River, the effect is limited when the heavy rainfall is large and the upper and lower reaches of the tributaries form a multi-peak flood, which has an impact on the flood level of the rivers and lakes, A certain limit.