矿业安全与健康立法,应以社会管制为重心。生产矿业安全与健康的非市场物品,是企业应当承担的社会责任。让追求效率目标的企业经济人承担社会责任,必须将社会责任法制化并由专业政府部门监督实施。强制矿山提供场所安全与健康物品的关键是:建立事前许可、事中检查监察、事后处置的监督机制,设置独立的、专业的、隶属于劳动部门的矿业安全与健康监督机构。监督机制与监督机构的建立,应摆脱促进矿业发展的生产安全观念而取向为了矿工人权的职业安全价值。由追求财富增长的生产安全上升到为了劳动者人权的职业安全,需要转变政府职能和提高政府治理能力。 Mining safety and health legislation should focus on social control. The non-market items that produce the safety and health of mining are the social responsibilities that enterprises should shoulder. Let the pursuit of efficiency goals corporate social workers assume social responsibility, social responsibility must be legalized and supervised by the professional government departments. The key to forcing mines to provide site safety and health items is to establish prior permission, to inspect the monitoring and post-disposal supervision mechanisms and to set up independent and professional mining safety and health supervision agencies under the labor department. The establishment of supervision mechanism and supervisory mechanism should get rid of the concept of production safety that promotes the development of mining and orientate to the occupational safety value of miners’ human rights. From the pursuit of growth in production safety to occupational safety for workers’ human rights, it is necessary to change the functions of government and improve the government’s ability to govern.