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目的探讨高n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFAs)鱼油饮食的摄入对于肠道菌群的影响。方法选取成年C57BL/6小鼠,随机分成正常对照低脂组和高n-3多不饱和脂肪酸鱼油饮食两组,进行为期4w的低脂(low fat diet,LFD)和鱼油饮食(fish oil diet,FO)。并于第4w末收集粪便,提取基因组DNA,使用Miseq高通量测序技术分析其菌群结构特征。结果 FO组和LFD组小鼠肠道内菌群差异明显。FO组菌群多样性较LFD组降低,同时Bacteroidetes(拟杆菌门)明显下降,出现了新的优势菌群Akkermansia菌属。结论高n-3多不饱和脂肪酸鱼油饮食的摄入明显改变了小鼠肠道菌群结构,而这有可能是n-3PUFA在体内调控机体免疫功能的机制之一。
Objective To investigate the effects of intake of high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on intestinal flora. Methods Adult C57BL / 6 mice were randomly divided into normal control low fat diet and high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid fish oil diet for 4 w, low fat diet (LFD) and fish oil diet , FO). At the end of 4w, fecal samples were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. Miseq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the characteristics of the flora. Results The intestinal microflora of mice in FO group and LFD group were significantly different. The bacterial community diversity in FO group was lower than that in LFD group, while Bacteroidetes (Bacteroidetes) decreased significantly, and a new dominant strain, Akkermansia sp. Conclusion The intake of high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid fish oil diet significantly changed the structure of intestinal flora in mice, which may be one of the mechanisms of n-3 PUFA in regulating the immune function in vivo.