当前,企业难以走向市场,固然有其自身的因素。但主要的是,各级政府及其部门转变职能的步伐严重滞后,以政代企、政企不分的行为仍然比较普遍,有的还相当严重。这一问题迟迟不能解决的原因有两个:一是经济体制方面的改革还不配套,许多难点没有突破。长期形成的与计划经济体制相匹配的一套管理思想、管理方式和管理模式仍然有惯性。二是各级政府部门脑筋换得不快,在计划经济体制下形成的职能似转而未转,或明“转”暗不转。而在市场经济条件下应该及时构建的宏观管理职能至今 At present, it is difficult for companies to go to the market, although they have their own factors. However, the main thing is that the pace of changing the functions of governments at all levels and their departments has been seriously lagging behind. The behavior of government-owned enterprises and government-business-to-government enterprises is still relatively common, and some of them are still quite serious. There are two reasons why this issue can not be solved for a long time: First, the reform of the economic system is not yet complete, and many difficulties have not been broken. The long-term set of management ideas, management methods, and management models that match the planned economic system still have inertia. Second, the brains of different levels of government departments are not getting a good job. The functions formed under the planned economic system seem to have not been changed, or the “circle” has not been changed. The macro-management function that should be constructed in time under the market economy has so far been