我国粮食消费结构存在着明显的城乡二元结构差异,城镇化进程对二者的影响也不尽相同。本文主要分析了城乡居民口粮消费差异、城乡居民主要食品消费结构、粮食消费弹性差异,旨在比较城乡居民粮食消费结构的差异,并探讨城镇化对二者的不同影响。通过建立城乡居民粮食消费结构折线图以及 The structure of grain consumption in China has obvious differences in the dual structure of urban and rural areas, and the impact of urbanization process on both is also different. This paper mainly analyzes the difference in consumption of food between urban and rural residents, the main food consumption structure of urban and rural residents, and the difference in food consumption elasticity. It aims to compare the differences of urban and rural residents’ consumption structure and explore the different impacts of urbanization on the two. By establishing a line chart of urban and rural residents’ consumption structure of food as well