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以不可逆单级多单元热电制冷机为研究对象,综合考虑热电单元内部效应、热电单元尺寸、热电材料物性随温度变化的特性、外部有限速率传热不可逆性,建立了较完备的有限时间热力学模型。在有限速率传热、有限尺寸(给定换热器总热导率、热电单元总数等)约束下,同步优化工作电流、热电单元尺寸和换热器热导率分配,得到装置的最大制冷率,并分析了重要参数对最大制冷率及最优变量的影响,所得结果可为热电制冷机设计提供指导。
Taking the irreversible single-stage multi-unit thermoelectric cooler as the research object, a more complete finite-time thermodynamic model is established by comprehensively considering the internal effects of the thermoelectric unit, the size of the thermoelectric unit, the physical property of the thermoelectric material as a function of temperature and the heat transfer rate of the external finite rate . Under the constraints of finite rate heat transfer, finite size (total heat transfer of a given heat exchanger, total number of thermoelectric units, etc.), the maximum cooling rate of the device is obtained by synchronously optimizing the operating current, the size of the thermoelectric unit and the thermal conductivity distribution of the heat exchanger , And analyzes the influence of important parameters on the maximum cooling rate and the optimal variables. The results can provide guidance for the design of thermoelectric refrigerator.