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体外循环为心血管手术奠定了基础，然而也伴随产生了许多问题，特别是对血液中有形成分的损伤与消耗。血液保护是伴随体外循环产生的一种临床治疗策略。血液保护是指通过改善生物兼容性、减少血液中某些成分激活、减少血液丢失、减少血液机械性破坏、应用血液保护药物和人工血液等各种方法，降低同种异体输血需求及其风险，保护血液资源。综合利用各种血液保护措施，尽可能减少血细胞损伤，减少异体输血成为如今体外循环心脏手术的目标。本研究重点阐述抗纤溶药物对血液保护的作用机制及重要性，对抗纤溶药物的使用历史及各自优缺点进行综述。“,”Extracorporeal circulation laid the foundation of cardiovascular surgery,while many issues come with it.Es-pecially,the damage and consume of blood composition.Blood conservation is by improving the biological compatibility, reduce the activation of certain components in blood, reduce blood loss, reduce the blood mechanical damage, applica-tion of blood protection drugs and artificial blood and other methods to reduce allogeneic blood transfusion require-ments with its risks, protect blood resources.The goal of cardiovascular surgery is apply blood conservation measures to reduce damage of blood cell and the need of homologous transfusion.The study states the drugs blood conservation mechanism of antifibrinolytics,significance, history and respective advantages and disadvantages,usage history and their advantages and disadvantages of antifibrinolytics are reviewed.