商业的存在和发展,在社会生产中具有两方面的作用;一是桥梁纽带作用,如连接城乡之间、工农业之间、生产消费之间的经济关系,从而促进社会再生产的正常运转和顺利发展;二是促进转化作用,即在社会再生产过程中促使生产活动向社会化和商品化或市场化、专业化、效益化和国防化转变,也就是促进商品经济的发展壮大。然而,由于传统的 The existence and development of commerce have two roles in social production. One is the function of bridges and ties, such as the economic relations between urban and rural areas, between industry and agriculture, and between production and consumption, so as to promote the normal operation and smooth development of social reproduction Development; the second is to promote the transformation, that is, to promote the socialization and commercialization or marketization of production activities in the process of social reproduction, and to make specialization, efficiency and national defense transformation, that is, to promote the development and growth of the commodity economy. However, due to the traditional