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在人类的认识史上,继庸俗唯物主义哲学思潮之后,又涌现出自然科学唯物主义哲学流派。这一学派的代表人物,首推德国著名的生物学家恩斯特·海克尔(1834～1919)。海克尔在青年时代曾学习医学,是米勒、微耳和等著名医学家的学生。但他的主要志趣是研究动物学。从1861年到1909年一直在大学里教授动物学。他一生的最后十年离开了大学,继续科学和社会活动,1910年他公开发表了关于自己放弃官方宗教的声明。海克尔广泛地研究了他那个时代的自然科学,同吋成为一个颇有影响的哲学家。据查,费尔巴哈提出了自然科学的唯物主义的问题;恩格斯在1869年《卡尔·
In the history of human cognition, following the philosophical trend of vulgar materialism, there emerge the school of natural science materialistic philosophy. Representatives of this school, the most famous German biologist Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919). Haecker, who studied medicine in his youth, is a student of well-known medical scientists such as Miller, Microtus and so on. But his main interest is studying zoology. From 1861 to 1909, zoology was taught at the university. For the last ten years of his life he left university and continued his scientific and social activities. In 1910 he made a public statement about his abandonment of official religion. Haeckel studied extensively the natural sciences of his time and at the same time became an influential philosopher. According to the investigation, Feuerbach proposed the question of the materialism of the natural sciences; Engels in 1869 "Karl