一、前言 兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii Rupr)是我国主要用材树种之一。它在大兴安岭林区中占有极重要的地位。然而,由于近几十年来不尽合理的大规模开发利用,天然落叶松资源已显著减少,一些老局已出现资源枯竭的现象;同时,天然落叶松的年龄结构也发生了较大的变化,幼、中龄林显著增多。因此,如何更合理地经营现有落叶松天然林已成 I. Introduction Larix gmelinii Rupr is one of the main timber species in China. It occupies a very important position in the Greater Xing’an Mountains. However, due to the unreasonable large-scale development and utilization in recent decades, natural larch resources have been significantly reduced, and some old offices have experienced the phenomenon of resource depletion; at the same time, the age structure of natural larch has undergone great changes. Young and middle-aged Lin significantly increased. Therefore, how to manage the existing larch natural forest more effectively has become