美国黑人女性主义文学是以反对奴隶制度和男权主义为主要特征的文学形式,它源于民谣、歌曲等黑人民间文学。美国南北战争时期出现了许多描写黑人女性的悲惨命运的作品;20世纪60年代以来,涌现了许多优秀的黑人女作家,如爱丽丝、莫里森、奥德利等,出现了《最蓝的眼睛》《紫色》《宠儿》等优秀作品。同时,许多黑人女性走向了学术研究领域,挖掘被人们遗忘的黑人女性文学,建构黑人女性的主题精神,也推进了黑人女性文学理论的发展。 Afro-American feminist literature is a literary form characterized by opposition to slavery and patriarchal principles. It originated from black folk literature such as ballads and songs. Since the 1960s, many excellent black female writers, such as Alice, Morrison, Audley, etc. emerged, and the “Bluest Eyes ”“ purple ”“ darling ”and other excellent works. At the same time, many black women went to the field of academic research, digging the forgotten black women’s literature and constructing the thematic theme of black women, and also promoted the development of black women’s literature theory.