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[目的]研究呼吸科重症监护病房(RICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)病原菌的来源、分布特点及其耐药情况,探讨防治措施。[方法]对42例RICU呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原菌分布情况和耐药性等临床资料进行回顾性分析。[结果]共检出病原菌株124株,其中革兰阴性菌94株(75.8%),革兰阳性菌17株(13.7%),真菌13株(10.5%)。大多数革兰阴性菌对常用的抗菌药物表现出较高的耐药性,金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性严重。[结论]VAP病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,耐药情况比较严重,铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为RICU中VAP的主要致病菌,临床上应加强抗生素的合理使用。
[Objective] To study the origin, distribution characteristics and drug resistance of respiratory-associated pneumonia (VAP) pathogen in respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and to discuss the prevention and treatment measures. [Methods] The clinical data of 42 cases of RICU ventilator-associated pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed on the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance. [Result] A total of 124 strains of pathogens were detected, of which 94 (75.8%) were Gram - negative, 17 (13.7%) were Gram - positive and 13 (10.5%) were fungi. Gram-negative bacteria most commonly used antibacterial drugs showed high resistance, Staphylococcus aureus drug-resistant. [Conclusion] The pathogens of VAP were mainly Gram-negative bacteria and the resistance was more serious. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were the main pathogens of VAP in RICU , Clinical should strengthen the rational use of antibiotics.