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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the anatomic-landmark and ultrasound-guided techniques in the placement of an internal jugular vein port in patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods: Between March 2010 and October 2010, 60 patients with advanced breast cancer underwent central venous port placement for the delivery of chemotherapy,preferably through the internal jugular vein. Patients were randomly assigned to either the anatomic-landmark or the ultrasound-guided group. Failure on first attempt, number of attempts until successful catheterization, time to successful placement, the accordance of the two placement approaches, and the demographics of each patient were recorded. Results: The consistency of the direction of two lines drawn using the anatomic-landmark and ultrasound-guided techniques or of the diameter of the internal jugular vein as determined by the two approaches was 85% (51/60). The rate of successful placement at first attempt was higher in the ultrasound group than in the anatomic-landmark group (P < 0.05). A greater number of attempts and longer time to successful port placement were needed in the latter (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that, in the placement of an internal jugular vein port, the ultrasound (US)-guided technique has several advantages over the anatomic-landmark technique.