放射性脑病(radiation encephalopathy,REP)是脑肿瘤或鼻咽癌放射治疗后引起的一种少见但严重的并发症,临床及影像学诊断比较困难,常误诊为肿瘤复发或转移。我院收治1例鼻咽癌患者,接受放射治疗后3年,发现右颞叶占位,影像诊断不明确,手术后病理证实为放射性脑病。本文就此病例的诊断及治疗过程进行讨论。 Radiation encephalopathy (REP) is a rare but serious complication caused by radiation therapy of brain tumor or nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clinical and imaging diagnosis is more difficult and often misdiagnosed as tumor recurrence or metastasis. One patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to our hospital received radiotherapy for 3 years and found right temporal lobe occupying. The imaging diagnosis was not clear. The postoperative pathology was confirmed as radiation encephalopathy. This article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of this case.