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自上世纪以来,人类对环境的破坏日益严重,导致大量生态问题出现,各种危机爆发,由此引发人们对人与自然关系的反思。奥康纳基于对资本主义制度运行机制的深入分析,从环境政治学的视角,深刻论述了资本主义经济危机和生态危机的关系。他在充分肯定历史唯物主义的基础上,又对其做出了新的发展,从自然和文化的维度丰富了历史唯物主义。在对“资本主义能否实现可持续发展”问题的分析中,立场坚定地批判了资本主义制度,得出当代资本主义摆脱经济危机实现可持续发展是不可能的论断。基于此,分析奥康纳生态学视域下的历史唯物主义及资本主义的第二重危机,论述奥康纳“生态学马克思主义”中从“分配正义”到“生产正义”的过程和解决资本主义危机的构想。
Since the last century, mankind has become more and more destructive to the environment, resulting in a large number of ecological problems and various crises, which have triggered people’s introspection on the relationship between man and nature. Based on an in-depth analysis of the operating mechanism of the capitalist system, O’Connor profoundly expounded the relationship between the capitalist economic crisis and the ecological crisis from the perspective of environmental politics. On the basis of fully affirming historical materialism, he made new progress on it and enriched historical materialism from the dimensions of nature and culture. In his analysis of whether capitalism can achieve sustainable development, his position firmly criticized the capitalist system and concluded that it is impossible for contemporary capitalism to get out of the economic crisis and achieve sustainable development. Based on this, we analyze the second crisis of historical materialism and capitalism from the perspective of O’Connor ’s ecology, and discuss O’Connor’ s theory of “distribution of justice” and “justice of production” in “Ecological Marxism” And the idea of resolving the crisis of capitalism.