本文通过对实证主义与建构主义之争在不同领域、不同时期的表现的分析,指出二者之争与特定的时空有着密切关系,具有一定的虚假性。并进而分析了社会科学领域内实证主义与建构主义的相容之处:二者都要分析“实在”的作用;二者都承认惯例(convention)的重要性;实证主义方法论也没有否认社会和文化因素对研究的作用;建构主义方法论并不否认实证主义方法论对认识事物的作用。 This article analyzes the performance of the dispute between positivism and constructivism in different fields and periods, and points out that the dispute between the two is closely related to the specific space-time and has certain falsehood. And then analyzes the compatibility between positivism and constructivism in the field of social science: both must analyze the role of “reality ”; both acknowledge the importance of conventions; and the positivist methodology has no denial Social and cultural factors on the role of research; constructivist methodology does not deny the positivist methodology of understanding the role of things.