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据考察,我省在食用菌栽培上,菌蚊、瘿蚊和菌螨发生普遍且危害相当严重,其次是跳虫、鼠负、蝇类、马陆、尺蠖、线虫等。食用菌对农药较为敏感,极易产生药害现象,虫害发生后,药物处理很难达到“除虫保菇”的理想效果。因此,堵塞害虫的侵染途径,是避免和减少虫害的最有效的措施。一、“菌种”传播。即菌种本身带有虫体。例如直接用带有虫体的子实体制做的“菇体菌种”,或者采用不灭菌杀虫的材料做基质生产的“生料菌种”,有的菌种生产后染入蚊、蝇类幼虫或卵以及菌螨等虫体混入合格种中售出等等。这类“菌种”因种源基质中都含有数目不等的虫体,严格说是类杂种,用于栽培只会增加虫害的发生机率和危害程度。
According to the investigation, our province in edible fungus cultivation, mosquito, gall midge mosquito and acarid mites occurrence is widespread and the harm is quite serious, next is the hopper, the mouse negative, the flies, the Malu, the clam, the nematode and so on. Edible mushrooms are more sensitive to pesticides, easy to produce phytotoxicity after the occurrence of pests, drug treatment is difficult to achieve “Exosomes mushroom” ideal effect. Therefore, blocking the infestation of pests is the most effective way to avoid and reduce pests. First, the “bacteria species” spread. The species itself with parasites. For example, “fruiting body bacteria” made directly from fruiting bodies with parasites or “raw material germs” produced by using non-sterile insecticidal materials as matrix, and some species are infected with mosquitoes after production, Flies larvae or eggs and bacteria mite and other parasites mixed with qualified species sold and so on. Such “bacteria” because the provenance matrix contains a number of unequal worms, strictly speaking, is a hybrid, used for cultivation will only increase the incidence of pests and the degree of harm.