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这个时代非常关心重新估价问题。批评家关于创作过程的性质,以及批评家职能的理论指导了它的莎士比亚批评。艾略特把艺术家的创作进展形容为“一种非人格化的过程”,而诗则被说成“不是解放情感,而是逃避情感”,“不是表现个性,而是逃避个性”。由于这些概念强调作品主要是诗人情感的表现或象征化,这就使人把注意力从人物转移到人物在它的创造者情感中象征了什么的问题上去。尼特之流的批评家于是从“情节”、“人物性格”下面和整个作品中去搜寻作者的“情感”图案,而这种图案则是“诗人灵魂中追求和谐的行动和斗争”的结果。但是这种研究方法非但没有找到情感的图案,反而把图案拆散了,使我们看到的颇有点象一张现代抽象绘画。这个时代的莎士比亚批评的特征是它忽视了莎士比亚使他的人物具有独立生命的最高才能。和在象征派诗歌里一样,所有的人物都只是面具,或者是诗人情感的客观化象征。精神分析学的影响也给这种艺术理论添上一种医疗色彩。人们都假定艺术所要表现的情感是隐晦的、矛盾的、痛苦的;人物和情节都成了寓言,或者是作者内心悲剧的投影。在心理学的猛攻下,连小说本身也在放弃对人物的兴趣了,一个例于就是伍尔芙。
This era is very concerned about the issue of revaluation. Critics have criticized Shakespeare’s critique of the nature of the creative process and the critique of the critics’ functions. Eliot describes the artist’s progress as “an impersonal process,” while poetry is said to “not liberate emotions, but to evade emotions.” “It is not individuality but personality avoidance.” As these concepts emphasize that the work is primarily a manifestation or symbolization of the poet’s emotion, it shifts the focus of attention from the character to the question of what the character symbolizes in its creator’s emotion. Nietzsche’s critics then search for the author’s “emotions” from “plot”, “character”, and throughout the work, and this pattern is the result of “the quest for harmony in the soul of the poet” . However, this method of research not only failed to find a pattern of emotions, but instead dismantled the pattern so that we can see it quite a bit like a modern abstract painting. Shakespeare’s criticism of this era was characterized by its neglect of Shakespeare’s highest ability to make his character independent. Like in the poetic poetry, all the characters are merely masks or the objective symbol of the poet’s emotion. The impact of psychoanalysis also adds a medical tone to this theory of art. People assume that the emotion to be expressed by art is obscure, contradictory and painful. Both the characters and the plot become allegories or the projection of the author’s inner tragedy. Under the psychology of the storm, even the novel itself is also to give up the interest of people, an example is Woolf.