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膨胀土一般是指土中主要成分由强亲水矿物组成,同时具有明显的吸水膨胀和失水收缩开裂两种反复可逆变形特性的粘性土。一般情况下膨胀土具有以下工程地质特征。(1)土的颜色有灰白、灰绿色、棕、棕红、淡红色、灰色和黄褐色等,粘土细腻,滑动感强。(2)主要分布在二阶或以上阶地、山前盆地、丘陵边缘地带等地势相对平缓,无明显自然陡坎。(3)常见浅层滑坡、地裂,新开挖后易发生坍塌。(4)自然条件下,多呈硬塑或坚硬状态,遇水易软化。
Expansive soil is generally refers to the main components of the soil composed of strong hydrophilic minerals, while having obvious water swelling and shrinkage of water loss two kinds of reversible deformation characteristics of clay. In general, expansive soil has the following engineering geological features. (1) The colors of the soil are gray, gray-green, brown, reddish brown, reddish, gray and yellowish brown, etc. The clay is delicate and the sliding feeling is strong. (2) Mainly distributed in the second-order or above terraces, the foreland basin and hilly edge are relatively flat and have no obvious natural hurdle. (3) common shallow landslides, ground fissures, prone to collapse after the new excavation. (4) under natural conditions, mostly hard plastic or hard state, easy to soften with water.