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目的:考察现时商品吴茱萸的真伪和质量。方法:采用性状、粉末组织显微鉴定的方法。结果:3种商品吴茱萸正品果实均为类圆形、五角状扁圆形(5瓣),果实表面具多数疣状突起或凹下的油点,顶端或有五角星状的裂隙,基部残留被有黄色茸毛的果柄,香气皆浓烈而苦。类似品似正品特征;巴氏吴萸虽有疣状突起,但其形为2～5瓣不等,开裂者的内果皮常向上反卷与外部果皮分离,质松泡,味淡而有别;3种伪品为果实及花蕾,与正品有较大的区别。正品均以含腺毛的大小、非腺毛的长短、粗细,细胞组成个数以及胞腔内含红棕色、黄色物质的不同等与石细胞的多少,壁的厚薄,草酸钙簇晶的多少等为其主要特征及区分其种间的微小差异。极幼嫩的正品果实粉末中尚未见到石细胞,但含花粉粒。3个伪品均含草酸钙簇晶;25号伪品有淀粉粒,无非腺毛、腺毛、石细胞;26号伪品有石细胞、非腺毛,非腺毛极长,胞壁均有疣状突起和角质线纹,无腺毛;27号伪品无腺毛、石细胞,有花粉粒。结论:现时商品吴茱萸的来源除吴茱萸、石虎、疏毛吴茱萸近成熟的果实外,尚有或掺有以上种类带部分花组织的极幼小果实(“小花”)和巴氏吴萸及其它伪品混充,应注意鉴别。
Objective: To examine the authenticity and quality of the current product Wusong. Methods: The traits, microscopic identification of powdered tissue were used. RESULTS: The three kinds of commercial products were all round and pentagonal (five-valve). The fruit surface had most knob-like or concave oil spots, and the top or five-pointed star-shaped fissures. The base remained. There are yellow velvety handles, the aroma is intense and bitter. Similar products like authentic characteristics; although Papilla Evodiae have verrucous protrusions, but its shape is 2 to 5 lobes ranging, cracking of the endocarp is often upward rewinding and external skin separation, qualitative pine bubble, tasteless and different The three kinds of fake products are fruits and buds, which are quite different from genuine products. The quality of the product is based on the size of glandular hair, the length and thickness of non-glandular hair, the number of cells and the number of stone cells, the thickness of the wall, and the density of calcium oxalate clusters. Such as its main features and distinguish between the minor differences in their species. Very young, genuine fruit powders have not seen stone cells but contain pollen grains. All three fakes contain clusters of calcium oxalate crystals; on the 25th fake, there are starch grains, non-glandular glandular hairs, glandular hairs, and stone cells; on the 26th counterfeit product, there are stone cells, non-glandular hairs, and the non-glandular hairs are extremely long. There are verrucous protrusions and keratin lines, no glandular hairs; 27 false goods without glandular hairs, stone cells, pollen grains. Conclusion: The current source of Wusong is Wujing, Shihu, and Shumao Wujing. In addition to the mature fruits, some of the above types of extremely young fruit (“flowers”) with some flower tissue are still present, Miscellaneous counterfeit goods should be carefully identified.