先天性色觉障碍(色盲)是一种遗传眼病。Dolton(1798)(本人患有色盲)首先发现此病,故又名Dolton氏病(Doltonism)。1976年瑞士眼科学家Horner首先提出该病的遗传法则,称Horner氏法则:即色盲由外祖父通过正常女儿传给外孙。二十世纪,Wilson提出色盲是通过X染色体性连锁遗传的方式传递。色觉障碍使人们对学习和就业受到一定限制,在体格检在中尤其引起人们的重视。既往我国对汉族的色盲调查已有较多的资料,但少数民族的资料仍属久缺。现将海南黎苗族的色盲检查,附10例家系调查报道如下。一、检查方法与对象(一)检查方法:采用俞自萍氏色盲检查表,辅以彩色绒线检查法和石原忍氏色盲本,在白天自然光线下进行检查。对色盲患者分为 Congenital color disorder (color blindness) is a genetic eye disease. Dolton (1798) (I suffer from color blindness) first discovered the disease, it is also known as Dolton’s disease (Doltonism). In 1976, Horner, a Swiss ophthalmologist, first proposed the genetic law of the disease, calling Horner’s rule that color blindness passed from grandparents through normal daughters to grandchildren. In the twentieth century, Wilson proposed that color blindness be transmitted by means of X-linked inheritance. Color vision disorders make people’s learning and employment are subject to certain restrictions, especially in physical examination in the people’s attention. In our country, there have been more data on the investigation of color blindness in Han China, but the information of ethnic minorities still lacks. Now Hainan Miao Li color inspection, with 10 cases of family survey reported as follows. First, the inspection methods and objects (A) inspection methods: using Yu Zi-Ping color blind checklist, supplemented by color wool check and Ishihara Nose color blind, under daytime natural light to check. Color blind patients are divided