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蜱为专性吸血的体外寄生虫,可传播多种病原体,严重威胁人类健康和畜牧业发展。蜱唾液腺分泌多种抗止血分子,在蜱类吸血及传播病原体的过程中发挥重要作用。蜱唾液腺分泌的抗止血分子可分为抗血小板聚集分子、血管扩张分子和抗凝血分子3类。通过对蜱类唾液腺抗止血分子及其研究进展进行综述,为深入研究蜱类与宿主的相互作用关系及功能分子药物开发奠定基础。
Ticks are specialized blood-sucking ectoparasites that transmit a wide range of pathogens, posing a serious threat to human health and livestock husbandry. Tick salivary glands secrete a variety of anti-hemostatic molecules that play an important role in blood-sucking and spreading pathogens in ticks. Tick salivary gland secretion of anti-hemostatic molecules can be divided into anti-platelet aggregation molecules, vasodilators and anti-coagulation molecules 3 categories. This review summarizes the anti-hemo-molecule of salivary gland of tick and its research progress, which lays the foundation for further study on the interaction between tick and host and the development of functional molecular drugs.