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目的探讨近年我国儿童非故意中毒死亡率的流行趋势,为儿童非故意中毒预防与控制工作提供依据。方法利用全国疾病监测系统2004-2010年死因监测儿童非故意中毒的汇总数据,采用Excel 2010和SPSS 18.0软件对儿童非故意中毒的流行特点进行描述性分析。结果 2004-2010年我国儿童非故意中毒死亡率由1.32/10万降至1.10/10万。平均死亡率为(1.15±0.14)/10万,其中男童1.23/10万,女童1.06/10万。城市和农村平均死亡率分别为0.85/10万和1.29/10万;东、中、西部平均死亡率分别为1.67/10万、1.15/10万和1.69/10万。儿童非故意中毒死亡的高发年龄依次为0~岁组、1~岁组和15~17岁组。结论我国儿童非故意中毒死亡率呈下降趁势,但婴幼儿、农村和西部经济欠发达地区死亡率仍处于较高水平,需制定针对重点人群、重点地区的中毒控制策略,以减少儿童非故意中毒造成的疾病和死亡。
Objective To explore the epidemic trend of unintentional poisoning death rate of children in China in recent years and provide the basis for prevention and control of unintentional poisoning. Methods The data of unintentional poisoning of the cause of death in China from 2004 to 2010 by the National Disease Surveillance System were used to describe the epidemic characteristics of unintentional poisoning in children by using Excel 2010 and SPSS 18.0 software. Results The death rate of unintentional poisoning of children in China dropped from 1.32 / 100,000 to 1.10 / 100,000 in 2004-2010. The average death rate was (1.15 ± 0.14) per 100,000, of which 1.23 per 100,000 for boys and 1.06 per 100,000 for girls. The average death rates in urban and rural areas were 0.85 / 100,000 and 1.29 / 100,000, respectively. The average death rates in eastern, central and western China were 1.67 / 100,000, 1.15 / 100,000 and 1.69 / 100,000, respectively. The highest incidence of death from unintentional poisoning was 0 ~ group, 1 ~ group and 15 ~ 17 group. Conclusions The mortality rate of unintentional poisoning of children in our country has been declining. However, the mortality rates in infants, rural areas and the economically underdeveloped western areas are still at a relatively high level. Toxic and poisoning strategies should be formulated for key populations and key areas so as to reduce the risk of unintentional poisoning Cause of illness and death.