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一、前 言 当冬季的时候,一艘船舶如果由西向东横渡北太平洋时,在航线的选择上,船长往往会感到难以下决心。这主要是时当冬季,靠北方航行,风浪可能太大,因此一般不敢轻易采用这一航线。为此本文通过对1965—1981年北太平低气压路径图,西德出版的北半球地面历史天气图的资料,对北太平洋低气压活动的规律进行统计分析,还对其进行天气、气候分析研究。与此同时,对青岛远洋公司1980年10月至1981年6月接受美国气象导航公司所推荐的中国往返加拿大和北美航线,进行对比分析。结果表明:北太平洋航线的选择与北太平洋低气压的发生、发展、影响范围、强度强弱,移动路径、季节变化等密切相关,其航线选
I. INTRODUCTION In winter, when a ship crosses the North Pacific from west to east, it is often difficult for the captain to decide on the choice of route. This is mainly when the winter, by the north, the wind and waves may be too large, it is generally not easy to adopt this route. Therefore, based on the North Pacific low pressure path map of 1965-1981 and the historical weather map of the Northern Hemisphere published by West Germany, this article makes a statistical analysis of the regularity of the low-pressure activity in the North Pacific Ocean and analyzes the weather and climate. At the same time, Qingdao Ocean Shipping Company from October 1980 to June 1981 to accept the United States Meteorological Navigation Company recommended by China to and from Canada and North American routes for comparative analysis. The results show that the selection of North Pacific routes is closely related to the occurrence, development, influence range, intensity, movement path and seasonal variation of the low-pressure in the North Pacific Ocean.