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本文梳理了“五四”时期戏剧翻译策略意识的形成过程,探究策略选择背后的戏剧发生学原因,同时通过个案分析相应的译本对中国现代话剧产生的影响,从而说明话剧现代化发展与民族化趋势的共存以及两者之间的张力。“五四”时期的戏剧翻译已经脱离直觉的指引,而是在认识不同策略的必要性之后,在明确的目的意识指引下进行翻译。当时占主流的翻译策略是直译,但舞台演出又要求使用改译本。从戏剧发生学视角来看,直译的剧本为创建话剧新文体提供了范本。演出改译的剧本则促进了稳固的话剧观众群的形成。“直译”背后蕴含的“现代化”趋势以及改译背后的“民族化”动力共同存在,两者之间存在矛盾和张力,但又互相促进。
This paper reviews the forming process of the awareness of drama translation in the period of the May 4th Movement and explores the causes of drama occurrence behind the choice of tactics. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of the corresponding translations on the modern drama in China through a case study to illustrate the relationship between the modernization of drama and the development of the nation The coexistence of the trend and the tension between the two. The translation of drama in the May 4th Movement has departed from the guidelines of intuition. Instead, it translated after the necessity of different strategies and under the guidance of a clear sense of purpose. The prevailing translation strategy at that time was literal translation, but the stage performance also required the use of a translation. From the perspective of the theory of drama generation, literal translation plays a role model in creating a new style of drama. The script for the performance change promotes the formation of a stable theater audience. “Literal Translation ” behind “modernization ” trend and “nationalization ” motivation behind the coexist, there are contradictions and tensions between the two, but also promote each other.