离子液体作为环境友好的新型绿色溶剂,具有许多优良特性,在化学合成中可取代一些传统产生污染及有毒的溶剂而受到广泛关注。文中对离子液体的组成、特性以及它在多种类型的化学反应中如:氢化,酰基化,环氧化,酶催化,聚合,烷基化,助催化和电化学合成等领域中的应用新进展作了概述。 Ionic liquids, as environmentally friendly new green solvents, have many excellent properties that have drawn the attention of chemical synthesis as a replacement for some of the traditional sources of contaminated and toxic solvents. In this paper, the composition and properties of ionic liquids and their applications in many types of chemical reactions such as hydrogenation, acylation, epoxidation, enzyme catalysis, polymerization, alkylation, cocatalytic and electrochemical synthesis Progress is outlined.